Patterns & Anti-Patterns

Recognize the architecture before you rebuild the failure.

Use patterns and anti-patterns to identify whether an AI application keeps identity, context, policy, state, actions, and evidence connected.

Design ReviewFailure ModesReusable PatternsGoverned Architecture
Design Review

Start with the application responsibility this page owns.

Governed Architecture

Connect the concept to evidence and implementation.

Design review

Eight questions to take into your next design review

The resource helps teams challenge an architecture before production exposes the same known failure modes.

Authority

Where does user, workload, tenant, purpose, and delegated authority survive?

Context

Which information is eligible, fresh, scoped, and provenance-backed?

Contracts

Where are schemas, side effects, and result meaning explicit?

Evidence

Can the team explain what happened after the fact?

Anti-patterns

Failure modes to recognize early

These patterns often look productive during prototypes and become expensive when the application has consequences.

LLM Everywhere

Using inference where deterministic computation or policy should own the step.

Prompt Spaghetti

Encoding application behavior in prompts without explicit contracts or versions.

Invisible Context

Supplying useful information without preserving eligibility, freshness, scope, and provenance.

Policy After Deployment

Reviewing governance only after the application path already exists.

Logging Instead of Replay

Collecting events without preserving the relationships needed to explain outcomes.

Autonomous Action Without Identity

Letting actions occur without explicit authority, operation identity, and effect evidence.

Patterns

Reusable solution structures

A pattern is a reusable architecture structure, not a product feature checklist.

Deterministic-First Routing

Prefer deterministic computation when it can satisfy the contract before escalating to inference.

Confidence Escalation

Escalate uncertain work to stronger models, more context, verification, humans, or abstention.

Governance by Construction

Put authority, policy, obligations, and evidence into the application path.

Human Approval State

Bind review to the exact proposal, evidence, versions, and resumption semantics.

Permission-Aware Evidence

Make review possible without turning audit access into unrestricted data access.

Side-Effect Boundary

Separate proposed, attempted, ambiguous, confirmed, and failed external effects.

Use patterns before the failure is expensive.

Bring one proposed AI application into an architecture review and test it against the recurring patterns and anti-patterns.